What is the primary concern regarding sedation of animals during air travel?

The primary concern regarding sedation of animals during air travel is the increased risk of cardiovascular and respiratory problems. Sedatives can have profound effects on an animal's vital functions, particularly in the unique and often stressful environment of air travel. Factors such as changes in altitude, reduced oxygen levels in the cabin, and the stress of confinement can exacerbate these risks. Sedation might depress the central nervous system, leading to decreased respiratory drive and potentially causing significant complications, especially in brachycephalic (short-nosed) breeds or those already predisposed to respiratory issues.

Although other concerns, such as potential obstruction of airways or refusal of food and water, are relevant to animal health and behavior during travel, they are secondary to the critical risks posed to an animal's cardiovascular and respiratory systems when sedated in a high-stress environment like an airplane.