Which testing method is used to identify Hendra virus?

The identification of Hendra virus primarily relies on the use of RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction) from oral fluids. This molecular technique is highly sensitive and specific for detecting viral RNA. It allows for the rapid identification of the virus during acute infection, and since Hendra virus can be present in various secretions, including oral fluids, this method is particularly effective for diagnosing active infections.

One of the strengths of RT-PCR is its ability to detect the virus early in the disease process, even before antibodies have developed, which can be crucial for timely interventions. Consequently, it serves as a primary tool in monitoring and controlling outbreaks of Hendra virus.

While serological tests, which look for antibodies in the blood, can be useful for determining exposure to the virus, they are not as effective for early diagnosis because antibodies take time to develop. DNA sequencing is typically utilized for further analysis rather than initial identification, and culturing tissues can be time-consuming and may not always yield results given the pathogen's handling requirements. Therefore, RT-PCR of oral fluids is the most appropriate method for the identification of Hendra virus in clinically relevant scenarios.